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Maintenance of high and low pressure heaters

Release time:

2024-12-31

1. Overview of high and low pressure heater operation

1.1. Importance of equipment introduction

The main function of high and low pressure heaters in thermal power plants is to optimize energy utilization efficiency. Through the extraction steam heating and heat recovery system, the loss of cold source can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the thermal economy of the unit. It can not only make full use of the unused steam heat energy in the turbine, but also prevent the heat from being taken away by cooling water, thereby improving the reliability of boilers and equipment.

1.2. Structure and composition

1.2.1. The high pressure heater consists of three horizontal equipment, namely HP1, HP2 and HP3, with three parts: superheated steam cooling, condensation and drain cooling. The equipment adopts a U-tube structure, which is composed of components such as water chamber, baffle and anti-collision plate, and has good heat exchange efficiency and safety.

1.2.2. The low pressure heater mainly extracts steam to heat condensate. It is designed as a double-flow U-tube structure. The water chamber adopts a large flange interface, which is compact and easy to maintain.

1.2.3. Structure of high and low pressure heaters

Structure of high low pressure heater

2. High and low pressure heater operation technology

2.1. Commissioning principles and steps

2.1.1. Start-up sequence: water side first, steam side later. The order of high pressure heater is from low pressure to high pressure, and it is executed in the opposite order when it is stopped to ensure the stability of the system.

2.1.2. Control requirements: The temperature rise rate does not exceed 5℃/min, and the isolation operation of the water side and the steam side is completed step by step according to the specifications when it is shut down.

2.2. Key monitoring during operation

2.2.1. Water level adjustment: Keep the water level within the normal range (±38 mm) to avoid reducing the heating efficiency due to high water level or exposing the drain section due to low water level.

2.2.2. Equipment safety: Regularly check the safety valve and drain system to ensure that the operating pressure and temperature are within the set value to avoid equipment damage due to leakage or overheating.

3. High and low pressure heater maintenance suggestions

3.1. Equipment start-up and shutdown precautions

During the equipment startup and shutdown process, the temperature change rate should be strictly controlled to avoid damage to the equipment due to temperature difference stress. At the same time, the steam extraction pipeline needs to be closed after shutdown to prevent the residual steam from causing overpressure or overtemperature to the equipment.

3.2. Daily operation and maintenance

3.2.1. Regularly check the status of the water level control system and the regulating valve, and repair the failed parts in time.

3.2.2. Pay close attention to the inlet and outlet temperature and pressure data, and find out the cause in time when abnormalities are found.

3.2.3. Strengthen the maintenance of the drainage system to ensure normal operation and avoid water accumulation.

4. Accident response measures

In case of emergency, such as pipeline rupture or equipment failure, the steam extraction and water supply channels should be quickly cut off to prevent the accident from expanding. After the equipment is disconnected, it should be manually confirmed that the valve is completely closed to avoid any possibility of leakage.

5. Summary

The efficient operation of high and low pressure heaters is inseparable from scientific operating procedures and thoughtful daily maintenance. Through standardized commissioning and shutdown procedures, as well as strict monitoring and maintenance, the thermal economy of the unit can be effectively improved and the long-term safety and stable operation of the equipment can be guaranteed.

High pressure heater operation and maintenance link.pdf