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The role of low pressure heater head

Release time:

2025-03-10

The low-pressure heater head is an important component of the heater, and its main functions include the following aspects:

1. Sealing function

Closing the shell: The head, together with the cylinder, forms a closed pressure-bearing cavity to ensure that the medium inside the heater (such as water, steam) does not leak.

Isolating the outside: Preventing external impurities from entering the heater to avoid polluting the working medium or affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

2. Pressure-bearing and structural support

Withstanding internal pressure: During the operation of the heater, the head needs to withstand the internal medium pressure (usually low pressure, but it needs to meet the design specifications).

Mechanical strength: As a part of the shell, the head needs to maintain the overall structural stability and resist external loads (such as pipeline vibration, thermal expansion force).

3. Connection and maintenance access

Pipeline interface: The head is usually perforated and welded to the pipeline interface (such as steam inlet, drain outlet) for connecting the system pipeline.

Inspection passage: Some heads are designed as manholes or handhole covers to facilitate internal cleaning, inspection or replacement of the tube bundle.

4. Thermal stress buffering

Dispersing thermal stress: When the heater starts, stops or the temperature changes, the shape of the head (such as oval, butterfly) can evenly disperse the thermal expansion stress to reduce the risk of local deformation.

5. Safety protection

Overpressure protection design: The head cooperates with safety valves, rupture discs, etc. to provide pressure relief protection in case of overpressure.

Corrosion resistance: According to the characteristics of the medium (such as oxygen-containing water, acidic environment), the head material needs to be corrosion-resistant to extend the service life of the equipment.

Typical application scenarios

Low-pressure regenerative system in thermal power plants: It is used for condensate heating, and the head needs to withstand a temperature of 80 - 150°C and a pressure of 0.5 - 1.5 MPa for a long time.

Waste heat recovery in chemical plants: In corrosive medium conditions, the head may use stainless steel or composite materials.

Maintenance precautions

Sealing inspection: Regularly check the flange sealing surface, gaskets and bolt pre-tightening force to prevent leakage.

Corrosion monitoring: When the machine is shut down, check the corrosion or fouling on the inner wall of the head. If necessary, perform coating repair or replacement.

Pressure test: After the overhaul, a hydrostatic test is required to verify the pressure-bearing capacity of the head and weld.

If the specific working conditions (such as medium composition, working pressure, temperature range) are involved, the selection or optimization suggestions of the head can be further analyzed.